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Ⅱ International Etiquette（第1页）

Ⅱ.Iioe

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&eisanindivisibleiofculture.Differentnationshavedifferenthistoriesahereisnoso-tere”

existingintheworld.Butasamatteroffact，theremustbesomethiionaltoguidetheiies’maheiionalihegenerally-acceptedetiquetterulesiioyiswhatwedefihisbook，theiioe.

Inmlobalsociety，Otaletiquetteainportioioe.

OtaletiquetteinatedfromaGreekandRomanprotocols，which，asakindofcourtetiquette，wereestablishedupoionfortherulersoftheauthoritybeforetheywerespreadtoEngland.Britishauthoritymadegreattributiontothepopularizatioeafteraseriesofity，regthecourtetiquetteieofunities.

FormaletiquetterootedintheFrenchrthe1600-1700’s.Thenobleswholivedatcourtdidnotwork，andsotheydevelopedelaboratesoostlyoutofboredom.TheedoutalistofpropersocialbehavioraiquettewhichanoldFreneahiscodeofbehaviorsooherEuropeandfinallyuttousebytheupperclassesthroughouttheWesternworld.

Withtheialexpansioninitiatingfromthe16thtury，theWesternizersspreadtheiretiquette，asapartofculture，tonearlyeveryeroftheiesscatteredineveryhuman-inhabitihe18thaiquettewasusuallytaughtinsWesterntries，espetheprivateschoolstowhichwealthierfamiliessenttheir.

Fromthe15htheearly1900’s，learschool.wereaskedfollowingsutsas:

◇theproperwayofkheirteachers（whew，gladthat’sgone）;

◇thevaluesilentuo，and

◇usingadioothpick.

&herofAmerietiquettewasheFatherofUSAhimself，GeeWashington，whopiledaseriesofRulesofCivilityaBehaviorinpanyaionattheageof16，basedonearlierrulebooksfromFrangland.ManyofWashington’srulesremainpracticaltoday:

&iondoneinpany，oughttobewithsomesighosethatarepresent.”

&whenothersspeak，sithersstawhenyoushouldholdyourpeadwalkhersstop.”

◇“Invisitingthesiotpresentlyplaythephysiifyoubenotknowingherein.”

Bytheearly20thtury，however，themiddleclassbeganintoprofessionalandsocialerlyiothemraisednumerousquestionsaboutproperetiquette.Socialite-turhorEmilyPost（1873-1960），whowasborhyBaltimorefamilyaoawealthyNepeduptoahosequestionsin1922iiquetteiy，inBusiness，inPolitidatHome.Thebook—latertitledsimplyEtiquette—becameabestsellerandhasbeenrevisedimesi90years.Today，EmilyPranddaughter-i，aivesherlegacythroughtheEmilyPostInstitute（whichdescribesitselfasa“barometerforcivility”

inAmeriditswebsite.

Otherremarkable20thturyetiquetteelitesincluded:

◇AmyVa（1908-1974），anativeofNewYorkeorterandpublist，whopublishedAmyVa’spleteBookofEtiquettein1952.Thisa’sbookweretheU.S.etiquettebiblesofthe50’s-70’sera.Shewasalsoahostintelevisiramsongoodmanners.

&iaBaldridge（bornin1925），daughterofaparliamentarianandsisteraofficial，servedasFirstLadyJaeKeeHousesocialsecretaryfrom1961to1963.SheauthoredtwoAmyVaebooksie1970s（afterVa’sdeath）befoutonherowninthe1980s.

◇JudithMartin（born1938），writerofthe“MissManners”

syndicatedadviartin’snsandbooks—withtitlessuchasMissManners’GuidetlyCorreissManners’GuidetPerfect—arefamousfortheirwisdomandhumor.

◇MarjabelleYou（1924-2007），anIowanativewholivedinaneforseveralyearsafterherparentsdivoodmahestaffthere.Asanadult，shebecameaprofessionalmodelandsponsoredcharmschoolclassesfes.HerannuallistofAmerica’s“bestmaiesfrequentlycited，S.ah，Ga.，and—surprisingly—NewYorkCity.

&heyears，peoplewereexpectedtofolllyplicatedseriesofrules，manyofwhichseemsillytoday.Iriesinthe1800’s，ayoungmanottalktoayoungwomailshehadfirstaowledgedhim.Littlegirlscurtsiedandlittleboysbowedwheniosomeomanyyearsago，whenayoungmanandayoungwomaonadate，sheshouldbesitquietlyinthecarwhilehewalkedaroundittoopenherdoora.

&he1960’s，mannershavesimplified.Itisbeoknowsomerulesabouthowtobehaveiuations—ifohismakeslifemorefortableforyouandmakesyoumoreself-tinsounis.Fortheuelessonsinbusinessandsocialsituationsbepurchasedthroughtheihtinabookstore.Thereisnolooicket”

.Etiquettetodayisbasedeveryohesamedegreeofkindnessaion，anditilyofonsenseandbasianners.

&popularsubjectsofetiquetteguidestsandbusinessandworkplaers.Reflegesiysiaera，weddieguidestodayaddressissuessudedfamilies，sedthirdmarriages，bridesandgroomswhoarealreadyliviherorhavetesbetweencouplesofdifferentfaithsorcultures，aly，same-sexunions.Meaionsabouttheproperuseofemail，cellularphones，aowriteletters，howtoés，andhowtogetalongwithbossesandinatebusieguides.

Inadditiontothenumeroushow-toguides，therearealsohow-not-toguidesthatdemoodmaahereal-lifethem.

&eseemstohaveriseheEastaalintheirin.Thisisnaturalenough，siwastheterofearlycivilization.Butwiththeinfluenceofialexpansioalsuradiatie-geiquettetotheworld.AhedominantpositionofOalmostallthefieldsofpolitiilitary，dsoon，particularlythesuperpowerstatusoftheUSAaftertheWorldWarⅡ，OtaletiquettestepsuptotheoderioemandmanyofOtaletiquettehavebeege.

&isobviouslyimprardtheModerioeasOtalEtiquetteitself.Moderioebiualcharacteristicsofdifferentnations，cultures，people，andthevariousetiquetterulesthatbeadoptedbythepeoplearoundtheworld.Everynationintheworlddevotesherefforttotheprtheeiional，bywaysahelivelyetiquetterulesinherownhistoryandculture.Moderioebesharedbymostofthenationsintheworld，moreaionsemphasizeonbiiohtheirownescreatively.Moderioeiscrystallizationofhumanity’scollectivewisdom，valuablehistoridculturalwealthofthewholeworld.